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Run your analysis now →Filing growth compares 2021 (318 records) with 2024 (123) — a three-year span. 2024 is the most recent year we treat as complete: publication lags filing by roughly 18 months, so 2025 onwards are still filling in and any growth rate that ends there would understate the field. Top-5 share is the combined record count of the five largest assignees divided by all 4,618 records in scope (CR5), not by the ranked leaders only.
Fundus cameras and handheld retinal imaging devices sit at the intersection of optical hardware and diagnostic software: illumination geometry, pupil dilation workarounds, and field-of-view optics compete for claim space alongside image-quality processing. The scope here covers 4,618 published records filed between 2015 and mid-2026, drawn from search terms spanning device design (pupil dilation, field of view, illumination uniformity) and commercial constraints (device cost, operator training) that separate clinical-grade systems from consumer-facing screening tools.
Filing activity peaked in 2018 and has declined through the most recent complete year, 2024, though publication lag of roughly 18 months means the last one to two years in any chart will always understate true filing activity. The composition of IPC classes shows the field is still anchored in diagnostic hardware (A61B) rather than in the informatics layer built on top of it.
The two views below — filing volume over time and IPC subclass distribution — frame where activity has concentrated and where it has not.
Filings rose to a peak of 335 in 2018, then declined; the 2021-to-2024 span alone shows a 61% drop, from 318 to 123 records. 2025 and 2026 figures are still filling in under normal publication lag and should not be read as confirmation of continued decline.
A61B (diagnosis and surgery) appears in 79.3% of the 4,618 records in scope, far ahead of G06T image processing (16.5%) and G16H healthcare informatics (6.5%). Because records often carry several IPC codes, these shares add to more than 100% — the gap between A61B and the informatics classes is the more useful signal than any single share.
Shares are the percentage of the 4,618 records in scope. A patent can carry several IPC classes, so the shares add up to more than 100%.
This page is one run against one query. Ask Eureka your own question about fundus cameras and handheld retinal imaging and every answer comes back with the patent numbers behind it.
Try EurekaA fundus camera obtains a retinal image using a light source, a ring aperture conjugate to the cornea, and a first aperture conjugate to the iris. An apertured mirror redirects the ring illumination toward the eye. An objective lens between the apertured mirror and the eye has an entrance pupil positioned between the iris and the cornea, directing ring illumination into the pupil while passing the reflected retinal image back through the apertured mirror.Filed by Carestream Health, this 2007 filing shows the geometric approach — aperture conjugation and entrance pupil placement — that much later small-pupil fundus camera work has had to design around or license.


| # | Publication no. | Patent title | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | US5098426A | Method and apparatus for precision laser surgery | 1,211 |
| 2 | US5784162A | Spectral bio-imaging methods for biological research, medical diagnostics and therapy | 786 |
| 3 | US20070291277A1 | Spectral domain optical coherence tomography system | 758 |
| 4 | US20080100612A1 | User interface for efficiently displaying relevant oct imaging data | 567 |
| 5 | US6556853B1 | Spectral bio-imaging of the eye | 490 |
| 6 | US6199986B1 | Rapid, automatic measurement of the eye's wave aberration | 470 |
| 7 | US6007996A | In situ method of analyzing cells | 464 |
| 8 | US6019472A | Contact lens element for examination or treatment of ocular tissues | 446 |
| 9 | US20100056928A1 | Digital light processing hyperspectral imaging apparatus | 444 |
| 10 | US6027216A | Eye fixation monitor and tracker | 439 |
Citation counts favour older filings in any searched corpus — treat them as a measure of influence on later filers, not of current commercial relevance.
Each row carries its publication number; clicking a row searches Eureka by that number.
When you want the answer in the next five minutes.
The agent works the prompt against patents and technical literature, citing every source.
Run your analysis now →When it has to run inside your own pipeline.
Patent search, landscape analysis and assignee resolution as MCP tools. Drop them into any agent framework, or call REST directly.
Browse MCP servers →Three figures from the dataset matter more than the raw filing count: how concentrated the leaderboard is, which receiving offices carry the volume, and which older records still anchor the citation graph.
The top 5 assignees combined account for 27.7% of all records in scope, and the top 10 for 36.6%. Below that the ranking runs to 100 companies, with volume dropping fast — tenth place holds only 52 records against the leader's 443.
The United States receives more filings than any other office (1,951), with Europe's EPO second (793) and the WIPO PCT route third (501). India's 203 records signal a growing secondary filing venue for cost-sensitive device variants.
The most-cited record in the set, US5098426A on precision laser surgery, carries 1,211 citations — well ahead of the next records on spectral bio-imaging and OCT. That gap shows how much of the field's foundational art predates the fundus-camera-specific filings now competing for claim space.
Eureka can read the same corpus for gaps instead of for coverage: under-claimed branches adjacent to fundus cameras and handheld retinal imaging, with the prior art for and against each one.
The ranked leaderboard is dominated by established ophthalmic imaging manufacturers, but recent-year filing counts from those same assignees have gone flat or to zero — a signal that the core hardware claims may already be settled rather than that the field is dying.
The top-ranked assignee holds 443 records against 140 for fifth place and 52 for tenth — a steep drop-off that marks this as a leader-plus-long-tail field rather than an evenly split one.
Recent-year filing counts from several of the top-ranked assignees have dropped to 0-2 records, with year-over-year changes as steep as -100%. That pattern is consistent across multiple leaders, not isolated to one company.
Only 10 co-assignee pairs appear in the dataset, and the strongest single pairing — between two Carl Zeiss Meditec entities — accounts for 80 shared records, far more than any academic-industry pairing in the set.
| Assignee | Recent year | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| Topcon Corporation | 2 | -88% |
| Canon Inc. | 0 | -100% |
| Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc. | 0 | -100% |
| Carl Zeiss Meditec AG | 0 | -100% |
| Nidek Co., Ltd. | 0 | — |
| Bayer Pharma AG | 0 | -100% |
| Nikon Corporation | 0 | -100% |
| APPLIED SPECTRAL IMAGING | 0 | — |
The dataset points to a field with settled hardware claims at the top and thin coverage in the informatics layer around it. Two directions follow from that.
G16H healthcare informatics sits at just 6.5% of records against A61B's 79.3% — a gap worth mapping claim by claim before building a retinal-imaging software product on assumptions about open space.
Explore this gap in EurekaWith 443 records at the top of the ranking and steep concentration in the top 5, any new hardware filing should be checked against that portfolio's claim scope before development, not after.
Run a freedom-to-operate scan in EurekaThe ranked list in this dataset covers 100 assignees, with the top-ranked company holding 443 records — far ahead of fifth place at 140 and tenth place at 52. The top 5 assignees combined account for 27.7% of all 4,618 records in scope, and the top 10 for 36.6%. Below that concentration, the list runs a long tail of companies with only a handful of filings each, typical of a field with a few established ophthalmic imaging manufacturers and many smaller or one-off entrants.
Filings peaked in 2018 at 335 in a year and have declined since, with the 2021-to-2024 span showing a 61% drop from 318 to 123 records. 2024 is the last year that can be treated as complete; 2025 and 2026 figures will keep rising as publications catch up, since publication typically lags filing by around 18 months. On the evidence available, this reads as a field past its filing peak rather than one accelerating.
A61B (diagnosis and surgery) is by far the largest class, appearing in 79.3% of the 4,618 records in scope. G06T (image data processing) follows at 16.5%, with G02B (optical elements), A61K (medicinal preparations, relevant to dilation-related claims) and G16H (healthcare informatics) each in the 6-7% range. Because a single record can carry multiple IPC codes, these percentages add to more than 100%, and the gap between the hardware-heavy A61B and the thinner informatics classes is the more useful reading than any one number alone.
US20070081127A1, filed by Carestream Health, claims a specific geometric solution for imaging through a small, undilated pupil: a ring aperture conjugate to the cornea combined with an objective lens whose entrance pupil sits between the iris and cornea. Anyone building small-pupil or non-mydriatic imaging optics along this aperture-conjugation approach should check claim scope against this filing specifically, since it is one of the more cited representative records in the set. It does not block image-processing or informatics approaches to the same small-pupil problem, only the described optical geometry.
The clearest gap is in the informatics layer: G16H healthcare informatics sits at only 6.5% of the 4,618 records against A61B's 79.3%, suggesting most claim activity has stayed in optics and hardware rather than in downstream data handling. Illumination uniformity correction, pupil-dilation-free imaging workflows, and operator-training-reducing autofocus are all represented in the underlying search terms but appear thinly in the granted claim record. These are the branches worth checking first before assuming they are already occupied.
Go past this page: query the whole fundus cameras and handheld retinal imaging corpus yourself, in your own scope.
Every answer comes back with patent numbers you can open.
Disclaimer. This page is generated from Patsnap Eureka data drawn from a limited snapshot of global patent and scientific-literature records, and is provided for general information and reference only.
Patent data carries inherent limitations: recent filings (typically the most recent 18–24 months) are under-counted due to standard publication lag; counts may be reported at either a patent-family or a patent-record basis and are not always directly comparable; classification, applicant-name, and citation data may contain errors, duplicates, or omissions; and the underlying search query defines and constrains the scope shown. As a result, the analysis may be incomplete or inaccurate and may not reflect the full technology landscape.
Nothing on this page constitutes an exhaustive prior-art, novelty, freedom-to-operate, or validity search, nor does it constitute legal, financial, investment, or professional advice, and it should not be relied upon as such. Any patent, commercial, or strategic decision should be verified independently and reviewed with qualified patent, legal, and domain professionals. Patsnap makes no warranties, express or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness, or fitness for any particular purpose of the information presented.
Machine translation. Assignee and organisation names originally recorded in Chinese, Japanese or Korean have been rendered into English by an AI translation step so that the tables stay readable. These renderings are best-effort and may not match a company's registered English name; the original name is what the underlying patent record carries, and it is what any Eureka query launched from this page uses.