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Run your analysis now →https://www.patsnap.com/resources/blog/rd-blog/hydrogen-direct-injection-system-design-patent-landscape/ · Patsnap · data cut-off 2026-07-31 · downloaded from the live page
Patent Landscape · Hydrogen & Fuel CellsHydrogen Direct Injection System Design Patents: Who Leads and Where the Gaps Sit
- Concentrated at the top. the top 5 assignees account for 80.0% of all 35 records in scope, and the top 10 cover the entire field.
- Filings accelerated sharply. activity moved from 1 filing in 2021 to 6 in 2024, a +500% rise, before peaking at 19 in 2023.
- Fuel supply dominates the claims. F02M covers 65.7% of records, well ahead of engine control and combustion-chamber classes.
35
Published Records
80%
Top-5 Share of All Records
+500%
Filing Growth 2021→2024
US
Leading Jurisdiction
Filing growth compares 2021 (1 records) with 2024 (6) — a three-year span. 2024 is the most recent year we treat as complete: publication lags filing by roughly 18 months, so 2025 onwards are still filling in and any growth rate that ends there would understate the field. Top-5 share is the combined record count of the five largest assignees divided by all 35 records in scope (CR5), not by the ranked leaders only.
Published byPatsnap Research··6 min readSourced from Patsnap Eureka
Overview
What this landscape covers
Hydrogen direct injection system design sits at the intersection of fuel delivery hardware and combustion control: injector sealing under cryogenic or high-pressure hydrogen, material embrittlement resistance, injection pressure and rate shaping, mixing quality inside the cylinder, and lubrication of moving parts that no longer benefit from a liquid fuel film. This search scopes 35 published records filed against that combination of terms between 2015 and the 2026-07-31 cut-off, ranked across 19 assignees.
Because publication trails filing by roughly 18 months, the most recent years in the trend understate real activity; 2024 is the most recent year that can be read as complete, and the record set already shows where claim density has built up and where it has not.
Filing activity and technology composition, 2015-2026
Source: Patsnap Eureka. Assignee ranking and totals. Derived from a Patsnap search on Hydrogen Direct Injection System Design covering 2015–2026, data cut-off 2026-07-31. Counts reflect published records only and shift as new filings publish.Run this in Eureka MCP
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The Data
Filing trend and technology composition
Two views of the same 35 records: how filing activity moved year over year, and which IPC subclasses the claims fall under.
Filing trend, 2017-2026
Filings were negligible before 2021, then rose from 1 that year to 6 in 2024 (+500%), peaking at 19 in 2023. 2025 and 2026 figures are still filling in as publications catch up with filing dates, so read the tail of the curve as incomplete rather than declining.
IPC subclass composition
F02M (fuel supply and carburettors) appears on 65.7% of the 35 records, with F02B (internal-combustion engines) on 45.7% and F02D (engine control) on 42.9%. Smaller shares in C01B, F01M, F01N, B01D and F01P mark adjacent branches — material chemistry, lubrication, exhaust treatment, filtration and cooling — that are claimed far less often; since records can carry multiple classes these shares sum to more than 100%.
Shares are the percentage of the 35 records in scope. A patent can carry several IPC classes, so the shares add up to more than 100%.
Source: Patsnap Eureka. Filing trend and technology composition. Derived from a Patsnap search on Hydrogen Direct Injection System Design covering 2015–2026, data cut-off 2026-07-31. Counts reflect published records only and shift as new filings publish.
Go deeper on Hydrogen Direct Injection System Design with Eureka
This page is one run against one query. Ask Eureka your own question about hydrogen direct injection system design and every answer comes back with the patent numbers behind it.
Try EurekaKey Patents
Representative filing and most-cited prior art
Representative Record
Hydrogen Direct Injection System and Method for Lubricating a Fuel Injector of a Hydrogen Direct Injection System
HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY
An embodiment hydrogen direct injection system for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes a fuel line and a fuel injector configured to inject hydrogen fuel into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel injector is configured to receive the hydrogen fuel via the fuel line and to receive water via the fuel line, and wherein the water is configured to lubricate the fuel injector.Filed by Hyundai Motor Company, published 2024-11-14. It claims water delivered through the fuel line itself as the lubrication mechanism for the injector, rather than a separate lubricant circuit.
Most-cited records in this dataset
| # | Publication no. | Patent title | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | US20100012090A1 | Hydrogen delivery system and method for an internal combustion engine | 39 |
| 2 | FR2262195A1 | IC engine with strata charge - hydrogen is injected into ante chamber and ignited | 8 |
| 3 | WO2023137515A1 | Hydrogen-diesel direct injection dual-fuel system for internal combustion engines | 7 |
| 4 | CN219865274U | 一种自润滑高效混合冷型氢喷射器及直喷氢内燃机 | 3 |
| 5 | CN114576028A | 一种掺氢的缸内直喷氨发动机及其控制方法 | 3 |
| 6 | CN116927982A | 一种氢内燃机燃料低压双级混合装置及控制方法 | 2 |
| 7 | CN117722286A | 一种氢燃料发动机及其滚流调节方法 | 1 |
| 8 | US20240376852A1 | Hydrogen Direct Injection System and Method for Lubricating a Fuel Injector of a Hydrogen Direct Injection Sy… | 1 |
| 9 | US20250116238A1 | Hydrogen-diesel direct injection dual-fuel system for internal combustion engines | 1 |
| 10 | FR2262195B1 | FR2262195B1 | 1 |
Citation counts inside a searched corpus favour older filings; treat them as a signal of influence on the field rather than of current technical importance.
Patent titles are shown in the language they were filed in, not translated, so that each record stays verifiable against the original filing — a translated title will not match in Eureka or in any national register. Each row carries its publication number; clicking a row searches Eureka by that number.
Source: Patsnap Eureka. Citation counts and representative records. Derived from a Patsnap search on Hydrogen Direct Injection System Design covering 2015–2026, data cut-off 2026-07-31. Counts reflect published records only and shift as new filings publish.Run this in Eureka MCP
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What the numbers mean for a filing decision
Three read-outs from the dataset that matter more than the raw counts.
Concentration
80.0%
of 35 records held by top 5
A short list of assignees already controls most of the field
With the top 5 assignees covering 28 of 35 records and the top 10 covering all of them, a new entrant is not filing into open ground — it is filing alongside a small set of established players who between them have staked out most of the documented claim space.
Ranking covers 19 assignees total
Momentum
+500%
filings, 2021 to 2024
Activity built quickly, then peaked in 2023
Filings rose from 1 in 2021 to 6 in 2024, with a peak of 19 in the 2023 cohort. Because 2025-2026 publications are still arriving, the apparent slowdown after 2023 should not be read as the technology cooling off.
2024 is the last complete filing year
Composition
65.7%
of records carry F02M
Fuel-supply hardware, not control software, is the dense zone
F02M (fuel supply and carburettors) is the most heavily claimed subclass, ahead of F02B combustion architecture and F02D engine control. Lubrication, filtration and cooling classes each sit under 10% of records — thinner ground for a fresh claim.
Classes overlap; shares sum above 100%
Eureka AI Agent
Looking for what nobody has claimed yet?
Eureka can read the same corpus for gaps instead of for coverage: under-claimed branches adjacent to hydrogen direct injection system design, with the prior art for and against each one.
Source: Patsnap Eureka. Co-assignee relationships and derived observations. Derived from a Patsnap search on Hydrogen Direct Injection System Design covering 2015–2026, data cut-off 2026-07-31. Counts reflect published records only and shift as new filings publish.Run this in Eureka MCP
Players
Who is filing, and where the field is still open
Automakers and a handful of research institutes dominate the ranked list; the co-assignee pattern points to at least one active OEM partnership.
Leader
8 records
top-ranked assignee
One filer sits well ahead of the field
The leading assignee holds 8 of the 35 records in scope, roughly a quarter of the dataset on its own, with the next-ranked filers spread across a shorter tail down to single-digit and single-filing counts.
Fifth place holds 2 records
Collaboration
7 shared records
strongest co-assignee pair
Kia and Hyundai file jointly at meaningful scale
The strongest co-assignee pairing in the dataset links Kia Corporation and Hyundai Motor Co Ltd across 7 records, consistent with a shared OEM group R&D pipeline rather than incidental overlap.
Second pairing covers 1 record
Long tail
19 assignees
total ranked
Most filers appear once or twice
Beyond the leading names, the ranking thins quickly to single- and double-digit holders, including research institutes and component specialists, suggesting the field is still attracting new entrants even as concentration sits high at the top.
Tenth place holds 1 record
Recent-year filing momentum
| Assignee | Recent year | YoY |
|---|---|---|
| NewSouth Innovations Pty Ltd | 0 | — |
| Kia Corporation | 0 | — |
| Hyundai Motor Co Ltd | 0 | — |
| RENAULT & PEUGEOT | 0 | — |
| Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 0 | — |
| Dumarey Automotive Italia SpA | 0 | — |
| Huazhong University of Science and Technology | 0 | — |
| Great Wall Motor Company Limited | 0 | — |
Source: Patsnap Eureka. Assignee-level momentum. Derived from a Patsnap search on Hydrogen Direct Injection System Design covering 2015–2026, data cut-off 2026-07-31. Counts reflect published records only and shift as new filings publish.Run this in Eureka MCP
What's Next
Where to take this from here
The dataset points to a field with a short list of established filers and several thinner branches still open for a well-drafted claim.
Map the white space against your own roadmap
Cross-reference the under-claimed IPC branches above — lubrication, filtration, cooling — against your own component roadmap before drafting, since these are the areas with the fewest existing claims to design around.
Explore in EurekaWatch the OEM co-filing pattern
The Kia-Hyundai co-assignee pairing suggests joint R&D structures matter here; tracking which assignees start filing jointly is an early signal of where the next concentration will form.
Track assignees in EurekaSource: Patsnap Eureka. Forward-looking reading of the same dataset. Derived from a Patsnap search on Hydrogen Direct Injection System Design covering 2015–2026, data cut-off 2026-07-31. Counts reflect published records only and shift as new filings publish.Run this in Eureka MCP
FAQ
Common questions on hydrogen direct injection patents
The ranked list of 19 assignees shows a clear leader with 8 of the 35 records in scope, roughly a quarter of the field on its own. The next four assignees combined bring the top 5 to 80.0% of all records, so the field is concentrated among a small group of automakers and research institutes rather than spread evenly. Anyone assessing freedom to operate should start by reviewing that leader's full portfolio before looking at the longer tail.
Filings grew sharply from 1 in 2021 to 6 in 2024, a +500% increase, with the dataset's peak year at 19 filings in 2023. Counts for 2025 and 2026 appear lower only because patent publication typically lags filing by about 18 months, so those years are still filling in rather than showing an actual slowdown. Treat 2024 as the most recent year that reflects real activity.
Fuel supply and carburettor claims, classified under IPC F02M, appear on 65.7% of the 35 records, making it the densest area by a clear margin. Internal-combustion engine architecture (F02B) and engine control (F02D) follow at 45.7% and 42.9% respectively. Lubrication, filtration, exhaust treatment and cooling classes each sit at or below 8.6%, marking them as comparatively open ground for new claims.
US20240376852A1 describes a hydrogen direct injection system where water is delivered through the same fuel line as the hydrogen to lubricate the fuel injector, filed by Hyundai Motor Company and published 2024-11-14. The specific mechanism at issue is using the existing fuel line as the delivery path for lubricant rather than adding a separate lubrication circuit. Anyone designing an injector lubrication approach that also routes fluid through the fuel line should review this claim scope closely.
The thinner IPC branches in this dataset — engine lubrication (F01M), exhaust treatment (F01N), separation and filtration (B01D) and engine cooling (F01P) — each cover 8.6% or less of the 35 records, well below the fuel-supply and combustion classes. That gap suggests injector lubrication circuits, upstream hydrogen filtration, and cooling integration are less crowded than core injection-pressure and mixing claims. A first claim in one of these branches has more room to establish a clean position before the field concentrates further.
Answers are grounded in the same dataset. Derived from a Patsnap search on Hydrogen Direct Injection System Design covering 2015–2026, data cut-off 2026-07-31. Counts reflect published records only and shift as new filings publish.Run this in Eureka MCP
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Disclaimer. This page is generated from Patsnap Eureka data drawn from a limited snapshot of global patent and scientific-literature records, and is provided for general information and reference only.
Patent data carries inherent limitations: recent filings (typically the most recent 18–24 months) are under-counted due to standard publication lag; counts may be reported at either a patent-family or a patent-record basis and are not always directly comparable; classification, applicant-name, and citation data may contain errors, duplicates, or omissions; and the underlying search query defines and constrains the scope shown. As a result, the analysis may be incomplete or inaccurate and may not reflect the full technology landscape.
Nothing on this page constitutes an exhaustive prior-art, novelty, freedom-to-operate, or validity search, nor does it constitute legal, financial, investment, or professional advice, and it should not be relied upon as such. Any patent, commercial, or strategic decision should be verified independently and reviewed with qualified patent, legal, and domain professionals. Patsnap makes no warranties, express or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness, or fitness for any particular purpose of the information presented.
Machine translation. Assignee and organisation names originally recorded in Chinese, Japanese or Korean have been rendered into English by an AI translation step so that the tables stay readable. These renderings are best-effort and may not match a company's registered English name; the original name is what the underlying patent record carries, and it is what any Eureka query launched from this page uses.