The core classes in this dataset are C10G (hydrocarbon oil refining and hydroprocessing), C10L (fuels and fuel compositions) and C07C (acyclic and carbocyclic organic compounds), which together cover the majority of filings. Supporting classes include C25B (electrolytic production, relevant to green hydrogen), C01B (inorganic feedstock chemistry), B01J (catalysis) and C10K (fuel gas purification). Searching across all of these, rather than C10G alone, is necessary to capture both HEFA hydroprocessing and synthetic power-to-liquid routes.

The dataset shows filing activity spread across established refining and chemical technology companies as well as newer specialty entrants, with no single assignee holding an overwhelming share of the 101 families tracked. Recent-year momentum has shifted, with several previously active assignees showing no published filings in the latest year while at least one continues to file at pace. Because of publication lag, current-year rankings should be treated as provisional rather than final.

HEFA-adjacent hydroprocessing claims, captured under C10G, are the most heavily represented at 80 of 101 records, reflecting HEFA's status as the commercially deployed pathway today. Synthetic routes built on captured carbon and hydrogen, tied to C25B and C01B classifications, appear in a smaller but still meaningful share of filings — 17 and 15 records respectively — indicating growing but comparatively less crowded patent activity in power-to-liquid chemistry.

US20230242822A1, assigned to Infinium Technology, LLC, claims a process that reacts hydrogen from water electrolysis with captured CO2 to form carbon monoxide, then converts the hydrogen and carbon monoxide mixture into n-alkanes before hydroisomerizing them into jet fuel. Anyone building a CO2-to-SAF process that follows this same electrolysis-to-syngas-to-alkane-to-hydroisomerization sequence should review its specific claim language closely. It does not block every synthetic SAF route — alternative feedstock or catalyst pathways that avoid this exact reaction sequence may sit outside its claims — but it is a reference point for freedom-to-operate review in this sub-area.

Relative to the dense C10G and C10L filing activity, subclasses covering fuel gas purification (C10K, 12 records) and separation processes (B01D, 3 records) show noticeably thinner coverage. This suggests the downstream purification and separation steps in both hydroprocessing and synthetic routes carry less claim density than the core conversion chemistry, making them worth a closer look for applicants seeking less contested claim space. It is also worth confirming this pattern is not simply an artefact of classification choices before relying on it.