Vehicle-to-Grid Residential Energy Patent Landscape
Vehicle-to-Grid System for Residential Energy Patent Landscape in 2026
The residential vehicle-to-grid patent space is highly concentrated, with Toyota Motor Corporation and TAE Technologies together accounting for the majority of filings among the top ranked applicants. The field is in a growth stage on a multi-year basis, though annual volume has eased from its 2023 peak and the most recent filing years remain understated by publication lag.
Toyota leads a concentrated, automaker-dominated field
Toyota Motor Corporation holds the top position among all applicants, followed by TAE Technologies Inc as a close challenger. The top five filers collectively account for 58% of the combined total of the hundred largest filers, signaling a field where a small number of players have staked early, substantial positions.
The tier gap between the top two filers and the rest is pronounced: the third through fifth ranked applicants each hold three or fewer patent families, compared with twelve for the leader. Below rank five, most applicants hold only one or two patent families, indicating a long tail of early-stage or one-off filings.
| # | Applicant | Patent families | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Toyota Motor Corporation | 12 | |
| 2 | TAE Technologies Inc | 9 | |
| 3 | Audi AG | 3 | |
| 4 | Toyota Motor North America Inc | 3 | |
| 5 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | 2 | |
| 6 | TOYOTA MOTOR ENG & MFG NORTH AMERICA INC | 2 | |
| 7 | Schneider Electric USA Inc | 2 | |
| 8 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 2 | |
| 9 | BMW AG (Bayerische Motoren Werke AG) | 2 | |
| 10 | Jayanand B | 2 |
| # | Applicant | Patent families | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | Robert Bosch GmbH | 1 | |
| 12 | Dr K Selvakumar | 1 | |
| 13 | Mercedes-Benz Group AG | 1 | |
| 14 | IoTecha Corp | 1 | |
| 15 | Zappass NV | 1 | |
| 16 | Volvo Car Corporation | 1 | |
| 17 | Dr Selvabharathi D | 1 | |
| 18 | Dr D Karthikeyan | 1 | |
| 19 | Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd | 1 | |
| 20 | Ford Global Technologies LLC | 1 |
Toyota’s lead, reinforced by the separate presence of Toyota Motor North America Inc and Toyota Motor Engineering and Manufacturing North America Inc, suggests a deliberate, coordinated portfolio strategy across multiple filing entities. TAE Technologies’ strong second-place position reflects a specialist focus on power conversion hardware rather than system-level grid integration.
The most recent filing years are further understated by standard patent publication lag, so apparent activity in 2024–2025 should be read as a floor, not a ceiling. Longer-window growth, applicant concentration, and technology-route coverage are therefore more reliable signals than the latest-year bar alone.
Rapid growth from 2022 with power and EV propulsion dominating the technology mix
The filing trend and technology composition charts together reveal a field that mobilized quickly in 2022–2023 and is anchored in grid-power and EV-propulsion engineering, with ancillary branches in power conversion, battery management, and digital commerce remaining comparatively sparse.
Annual filing trend
Filings were negligible before 2019, then accelerated sharply into 2022 and peaked in 2023 at 15 patent families before stepping down in 2024 and 2025. The step-down in the two most recent years should be interpreted cautiously: publication lag routinely suppresses counts for the trailing 18–24 months, so the true recent-year totals are likely higher than shown.
↗ Hover for values · click a bar to ask EurekaTechnology composition
H02J (power supply and grid systems) and B60L (electric vehicle propulsion) are the dominant branches, together covering the large majority of records. H02M (power conversion) and H01M (batteries and fuel cells) form a secondary tier. Branches such as G06Q (business and commerce data processing), G05B (control and regulating systems), B60W (hybrid vehicle control), and G01C (navigation and distance) each represent a small fraction of records, pointing to areas of relative sparsity within an otherwise power-engineering-centric corpus.
↗ Hover for values · click a bar to ask EurekaHighly cited patent families surfaced by the query
Citation-heavy patent families returned by the query. Use this section as citation context, not as a curated list of the most topic-specific patents.
Charging system for an electric home energy storag…
A charging system for an electrical home energy storage feeding a home alternating current supply network, which is connected across an AC-DC converter to the home alternating current supply network, comprises a coupling device for the direct charging of the home energy storage from at least one electrical motor vehicle energy accumulator of a motor… (excerpt from the patent abstract)
| # | Patent | Citations |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bidirectional DC wallbox for electric vehicles | 12 |
| 2 | Health-based energy distribution using vehicle bat… | 4 |
| 3 | Energy storage optimization | 4 |
| 4 | Bidirectional DC wallbox for electric vehicles | 4 |
| 5 | Systems, devices, and methods for module-based cas… | 3 |
| 6 | Vehicle battery life management for energy solutions | 2 |
| 7 | Power conversion system and cable relay | 2 |
| 8 | Energy transfer by electric vehicles | 1 |
Ranked by total forward citations. Citation counts favour older and broadly cited patent families, and broad or adjacent patents may appear when they match the search scope. Treat this section as citation context, not as a curated list of the most topic-specific patents. Some patent titles may be shown in their original, non-English language where an accurate translation could not be guaranteed.
What the patent structure means for R&D investment decisions
Four structural observations — maturity stage, competitive concentration, collaboration patterns, and geographic spread — shape the risk and opportunity calculus for any new entrant or incumbent seeking to build a defensible position.
Growth stage, with annual pace easing from a 2023 peak
The field is classified as Growth, with the recent three-year filing window sitting well above the prior three-year window. However, annual volume has eased from its 2023 peak, consistent with an early-growth phase that mobilized quickly and has not yet reached sustained plateau levels. Publication lag means the genuine recent-period output is understated, so the growth stage designation is unlikely to be revised downward in the near term.
Life-cycle: GrowthTop two filers hold a commanding share; rest of field is fragmented
The top five filers account for 58% of the combined output of the hundred largest filers, and the top two — Toyota Motor Corporation and TAE Technologies — are separated from the rest of the field by a large margin. This concentration means IP freedom-to-operate analysis should start with these two portfolios. The long tail of single-family filers also signals that many organizations are testing the space without committing to broad coverage.
High concentrationNo co-applicant filings identified in this corpus
The collaboration evidence is pending: no co-applicant patent families were returned for this corpus. This absence is notable in an application area where automakers, energy utilities, and residential technology providers might be expected to co-develop. It may reflect the early-stage nature of the field, where parties are still establishing proprietary positions before entering joint development agreements, or it may reflect the narrow scope of the current corpus.
No co-filings detectedUnited States is the dominant filing jurisdiction
The United States accounts for the largest share of filing activity, followed at a distance by Europe via the EPO, India, and smaller showings in Australia, Canada, Germany, WIPO/PCT, Austria, and the United Kingdom. The US dominance reflects both the location of key applicants and the strategic priority placed on the American residential energy market. The relatively limited PCT and EPO coverage by some filers leaves potential freedom-to-operate in non-US markets.
US-centricGo beyond the landscape: Eureka’s TRIZ Solution agent breaks down an R&D problem and returns patented concept solutions, each with a technical approach and cited patent & literature evidence.
Co-filing pairs, ranked by the number of jointly-filed patent families.
Toyota and TAE Technologies lead, with divergent technology emphasis
The two leading filers have built their positions through distinct technical routes: Toyota Motor Corporation concentrates on grid integration and power supply systems, while TAE Technologies focuses on power conversion hardware and EV propulsion interfaces.
Toyota Motor Corporation
Toyota Motor Corporation holds 12 patent families, the largest position in this corpus, with its technology emphasis concentrated in H02J 3 (grid-connected power supply systems), H02J 9 (uninterruptible power supply and backup systems), and B60L 53 (EV charging infrastructure). Its applicant momentum is classified as a new entrant on a multi-year trajectory, reflecting the recency of its coordinated push into residential V2G. The presence of two additional Toyota-affiliated entities in the top ten suggests a deliberate multi-entity filing strategy to broaden coverage.
families: 12TAE Technologies Inc
TAE Technologies Inc holds 9 patent families and is classified as a new entrant on momentum metrics, having placed all of its recent filings within the current measurement window. Its technology emphasis is anchored in H02M 7 (AC/DC power conversion) and B60L 50 and B60L 58 (electric vehicle propulsion and battery management), positioning it as a hardware-layer specialist rather than a grid-systems integrator. The most-cited patent in the corpus — a bidirectional DC wallbox for electric vehicles with 12 citations — aligns closely with TAE’s power conversion focus.
families: 9| Applicant | Recent (3 yrs) | Trend |
|---|---|---|
| TAE Technologies Inc | 9 | ▲ new entrant |
| Toyota Motor Corporation | 7 | ▲ new entrant |
| Audi AG | 1 | ▲ new entrant |
| Toyota Motor North America Inc | 3 | ▲ new entrant |
| Honda Motor Co Ltd | 2 | ▲ new entrant |
| Schneider Electric USA Inc | 1 | ▲ new entrant |
| BMW AG (Bayerische Motoren Werke AG) | 2 | ▲ new entrant |
Under-served branches adjacent to the dominant power-engineering core
Several IPC branches appear at low share within this corpus and sit adjacent to the dominant H02J and B60L core. These are observations of relative sparsity; their value as entry points depends on technical fit and competitive context.
G05B · Control and Regulating Systems
G05B accounts for only 3 patent records and roughly 3% of the branch distribution, making it one of the least-covered technical areas in the corpus. Intelligent control logic — adaptive charging schedules, demand-response algorithms, and predictive grid management — is a plausible technical need for residential V2G systems that improves both user experience and grid stability. Toyota Motor North America’s filing activity includes G05B 13 (adaptive control), suggesting the branch has technical traction, but coverage remains thin and an applicant with deep control-systems expertise could find limited prior art blocking.
Search this in Eureka →G06Q · Business, Commerce and Administrative Data Processing
G06Q appears in only 4 patent records, representing approximately 4% of branch coverage, making it one of the sparser areas relative to the engineering-heavy core. Residential V2G systems require energy trading, billing, incentive management, and prosumer settlement mechanisms — all of which map to G06Q. The branch has plausible technical value as grid operators and energy retailers seek to monetize bidirectional flows, but current filer attention is minimal. Entrants from the energy software or utility sector, rather than automotive OEMs, may be better positioned to develop this adjacent layer.
Search this in Eureka →How leading applicants differ across technology routes
Strength of each leader across the main technology routes.
| Player | H02J 3 · Power supply & grid systems | B60L 53 · Electric vehicle propulsion | B60L 55 · Electric vehicle propulsion | B60L 58 · Electric vehicle propulsion | H02J 7 · Power supply & grid systems |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAE Technologies Inc | Strong · 7 | Absent | Absent | Strong · 7 | Moderate · 2 |
| Toyota Motor Corporation | Strong · 7 | Moderate · 2 | Absent | Absent | Absent |
| Schneider Electric USA Inc | Strong · 2 | Strong · 2 | Strong · 2 | Absent | Moderate · 1 |
| Toyota Motor North America Inc | Strong · 3 | Absent | Strong · 2 | Absent | Absent |
| Audi AG | Absent | Strong · 2 | Absent | Absent | Strong · 3 |
| BMW AG (Bayerische Motoren Werke AG) | Strong · 2 | Strong · 2 | Absent | Absent | Absent |
Frequently asked questions
The current corpus contains 44 patent families in scope. This is a relatively small and nascent corpus, reflecting the early commercial stage of residential V2G deployment globally.
Toyota Motor Corporation is the leading filer with 12 patent families. TAE Technologies Inc is the closest challenger with 9 patent families. Combined, the top five filers account for 58% of the hundred largest filers’ total output.
The field is in a Growth stage on a multi-year basis, with the recent three-year filing window well above the prior three-year window. However, annual volume has eased from its 2023 peak. The most recent filing years (2024–2025) are further understated by publication lag and should be treated as floor estimates rather than definitive counts.
The United States is the dominant jurisdiction. Europe via the EPO and India follow at a distance, with smaller filings in Australia, Canada, Germany, WIPO/PCT, Austria, and the United Kingdom.
H02J (power supply and grid systems) and B60L (electric vehicle propulsion) are the dominant branches. G05B (control and regulating systems), G06Q (business and commerce data processing), B60W (hybrid vehicle control), and G01C (navigation and distance) are comparatively sparse, each accounting for only a small fraction of patent records.
No co-applicant patent families were identified in this corpus. All filings appear to be single-applicant. This may reflect the early-stage nature of the field, where parties are still establishing proprietary positions before engaging in joint IP development.
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Disclaimer. This page is generated from PatSnap Eureka data drawn from a limited snapshot of global patent and scientific-literature records, and is provided for general information and reference only.
Patent data carries inherent limitations: recent filings (typically the most recent 18–24 months) are under-counted due to standard publication lag; counts may be reported at either a patent-family or a patent-record basis and are not always directly comparable; classification, applicant-name, and citation data may contain errors, duplicates, or omissions; and the underlying search query defines and constrains the scope shown. As a result, the analysis may be incomplete or inaccurate and may not reflect the full technology landscape.
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